I. Hordhac
Teknolojiyadda kala go'ida ayaa ka mid ah saddex tikniir wax soo saar kiimiko oo ah kiimiko kiimiko ah. Habka kala-goynta ayaa saameyn weyn ku leh tayada badeecada, hufnaanta, isticmaalka iyo faa iidada. Mashiinka TFE-ga ee TFE-ga oo ah mashiinka mudaharaad-galka ah ee gaagaaban ayaa ah aalad loo isticmaalo in lagu kala sooco ka-goynta aaladda. Qalabkani wuxuu leeyahay isku-darka kuleylka kuleylka sare, heerkulka uumi-baxa uu hooseeyo, waqti gaaban oo deganaansho, hufnaanta kuleylka kuleylka iyo xoogga sare. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha patroochemicals, kiimikooyinka wanaagsan, kiimikooyinka beeraha, cuntada, daawada iyo injineeriyada bayoolaji, is-nadiifinta, nadiifinta uumiga, is-xakamaynta, iwm.
Wadada gaagaaban ee muxaadaradu waa mid cusub oo uumi baxa uumiga ku dhici kara daliska hoos udhaca xaaladaha vacuum-ka, kaas oo filimku si qasab ah uu u yeesho xawaare sare, oo ku sii kordhaya kuleylka sarreeya iyo waqtiga deg-degga ah (qiyaastii 5-15 ilbiriqsiyo). Waxay sidoo kale leedahay awood kuleyl aad u sarreeya, oo ah kuleylka sare, waqtiga socodka-gaaban iyo dabacsanaan ballaaran, kaasoo si gaar ah ugu habboon ka saarida cufnaanta, walxaha qalabka kuleylka ee xasaasiga ah, aaladda creeskal-ka-dheer iyo walxaha ka kooban walxaha. Waxay ka kooban tahay hal ama in ka badan oo dhululubo ah oo leh jaakad kuleyl lagu kululeeyo iyo codsade filim oo ku wareejinaya dhululubada. Codsiga filimku si joogto ah ayuu u xoqayaa qalabka quudinta filim dareere ah oo ku yaal dusha sare oo ku yaal dusha sare oo hoos u riixeysa, inta ay ku jiraan qaybaha ay ka soo baxaan oo hadhaagii laga soo saaray salka hoose ee uumi baxa.
II. Astaamaha waxqabadka
• Talo-tuur faafin oo hooseysa:
Markii uumiga uumiga uumiga ee walxaha ku wareejiya dusha kuleylka dusha sare ee kululaynta, waxaa jira cadaadis kale oo kala duwan. Cudurka caadiga ah ee uumi-baxa, dhibicda cadaadiska noocan ah (Δp) badanaa waa mid aad u sarreeya, mararka qaarkoodna shahaadada aan la aqbali karin. Taas bedelkeeda, mashiinka gaaban ee mashiinka muxaadaro ah wuxuu leeyahay meel weyn oo gaas ah, cadaadiska kaas oo u dhigma taas oo la mid ah kuwa la tartamayo; Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira dhibic yar oo cadaadis ah oo shahaadada faaruqa ah wuxuu noqon karaa ≤1pa.
• Heerkulka ugu hooseeya:
Sababta oo ah guriga kor ku xusan, geedi socodka uumi-baxa waxaa lagu sameyn karaa shahaadada faaruqa weyn. Maaddaama heerka faaruqa ah uu kordho, tilmaanta ku habboon ee agabka karkaraya ayaa si dhakhso ah u yaraanaya. Sidaa darteed, qalliinka waxaa lagu sameyn karaa heerkul hoose oo jahwareerka kuleylka ee sheyga ayaa sidaas loo dhimay.
• Waqtiga kuleylka gaaban:
Sababo la xiriira qaab dhismeedka gaarka ah ee mashiinka muxaadaro ee gaagaaban iyo tallaabada bamgareynta ee codsiga filimka, waqtiga deganaanshaha ee agabka uumiga ku jira waa gaaban; Intaas waxaa sii dheer, qalalaasaha degdegga ah ee filimka ku jira filimka uu kululeeyo uu ka dhigayo sheyga ma awoodo inuu kusii jeedo dusha sare ee uumi baxa. Sidaa darteed, waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay uumiga agabka kuleylka kuleylka.
• Dhaqdhaqaaqa uumi baxa sare:
Yareynta meesha karkaraya ee karkaraya waxay kordhineysaa farqiga heerkulka ah ee warbaahinta kuleylka ah; Shaqada codsiga filimka ayaa hoos u dhigeysa dhumucda filimka dareeraha ah ee ku jira xaalad go'ay oo yareynaysa caabbinta kuleylka. Dhanka kale, geeddi-socodka wuxuu xakameynayaa qadhaadhka iyo ka-goynta agabyada dusha sare ee kuleylka, waxaa weheliya isdhaafsiga kuleylka wanaagsan, sidaas ayaa kor u qaadaya isku-darka kuleylka guud ee uumiga.
• Dabac ballaaran oo hawlgal ah:
Sababo la xiriira guryaheeda u gaarka ah, oo ay ku habboon tahay daaweynta daaweynta kuleylka xasaasiga ah ee u baahan qalab adag oo deggan oo muuqaal ah oo muuqaalku si weyn ugu korayo kordhinta uruurinta, maadaama geedi socodka uumiga uu yahay mid siman oo deggan.
Waxay sidoo kale ku habboon tahay uumiga iyo mushkiladda agabka ay ka kooban tahay walxaha ama xaaladaha crystallization, polymallization iyo jahwareerka.
III. Aagagga dalabka
Qalabka 'Flipple Flipper' ayaa si weyn loogu adeegsaday mashaariicda kuleylka kuleylka. Waxay ka caawineysaa kuleylka isweydaarsiga agabyada xasaasiga ah ee kuleylka (waqti gaaban) gaar ahaan, oo ay ka takhalusi karaan alaabada adag ee howlaheeda kala duwan.
Qalabka 'Flipper Flipper' ayaa loo isticmaalay feejignaanta uumiga, ka saarida dareeraha, steam-steat-ka, dib-u-habeyn, degading (de-maririd), iwm aagagga soo socda, waxayna gaadhay natiijooyin wanaagsan:
Daawada dhaqameedyada Shiinaha iyo Daawada Galbeedka: Antibiyootigyada, khamriga sonkorta, geedvine-ka onkvine, astragallos iyo geedo kale, methylimidazole, kelinimo Amine iyo isdhaxeeyo kale;
Cunnooyinka warshadaha fudud: casiir, garaacis, midab, nuxurka, udgoon, zymin, nacy acid, xylose, sonkorta, sortan-ka, iwm.
Saliidaha iyo kiimikooyinka maalinlaha ah: vecithin, saliida loo yaqaan beerka, ocieria acid, acids acids, wasakhda saliidda, alkyl polyglycosides, iwm.
DETINESETETETETENESES: DESTINDIde Resins, Resins-ka 'Polyamide', paraformalduldyde, paps (prolypropropylene secactate), pttrpropyene sebactate), pttres, profers acid esters, iwm.
Fibertic Fibertic: PTA, DMT, Karsoboon Carban, Polytetrahddddrahddddrahds, Polythertherthers Polyols, iwm.
Petrochemistry: TDI, MDI, Trimethyl hydroquinone, trimethylolpropane, sodium hydroxide, iwm.
Cayayaanka cayayaanka ee sunta cayayaanka: acetochlor, melorpylor, chlorpylos, Funpoon, Clomazone, cayayaanka, nadaafadda, miticides, iwm.
Biyaha qashinka: Biyaha cusbada ee imagiya.
Waqtiga Post: Noven-17-2022
