Codsiga Mashiinka Distillation ee Jidka Gaaban ee Filinka Tirtiray

I. Hordhac
Tignoolajiyada kala soociddu waa mid ka mid ah saddexda teknooloji ee wax soo saarka kiimikada. Habka kala soocida ayaa saameyn weyn ku leh tayada alaabta, waxtarka, isticmaalka iyo faa'iidada. Mashiinka Distillation Jidka Gaaban ee TFE makaanikal-kacdoonku waa aalad loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo kala soocida iyada oo loo marayo isbeddelka alaabta. Qalabkani waxa uu leeyahay kulaylka wareejinta sareeyo, heerkulka uumi-baxa oo hooseeya, wakhtiga guriga oo kooban, wax ku oolnimada kulaylka sare iyo xoojinta uumiga sare. Waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa in warshadaha petrochemicals, kiimikooyinka ganaax, kiimikooyinka beeraha, cuntada, daawada iyo injineernimada biochemical, si ay u qabtaan geedi socodka uumiga, fiirsashada, saarista dareeraha, sifaynta, uumi xayuubin, degassing, deodorization, iwm.

Jidka Gaaban ee Distillation waa uumi cusub oo hufan kaas oo fulin kara uumiga filimka dhacaya ee xaaladaha vacuum, kaas oo filimka si qasab ah loogu sameeyay codsadaha filimka wareega ah oo uu leeyahay xawaare qulqulaya oo sarreeya, waxtarka wareejinta kulaylka sare iyo waqti gaaban oo deggenaansho ah (ku saabsan 5-15 ilbiriqsi). Waxa kale oo ay leedahay isugeynta kulaylka badan ee wareejinta, xoogga uumiga sare, wakhtiga socodka gaaban iyo dabacsanaanta hawleed ee weyn, taas oo si gaar ah ugu habboon fiirsashada by uumiga, degista, saarista dareeraha, nadiifinta iyo nadiifinta alaabta kulaylka-xasaasi ah, qalabka viscosity sare iyo fudud crystal iyo walxo ka kooban. Waxay ka kooban tahay hal ama in ka badan oo dhululubo leh jaakado loogu talagalay kuleylinta iyo qalab filim oo ku wareegaya dhululubada. Qalabeeyaha filimku wuxuu si joogto ah u xoqaa alaabta quudinta ee filim dareere ah oo isku mid ah oo ku yaal dusha kululaynta oo hoos u riixaya, inta lagu jiro taas oo qaybaha leh dhibco karkaraya oo hooseeya ay uumi baxaan oo hadhaaga laga soo saaro hoose ee uumiga.

II. Tilmaamaha Waxqabadka
• Hoos u dhaca cadaadiska vacuum:
Marka gaaska uumiga ah ee maaddooyinka uu ka soo wareejiyo dusha sare ee kuleyliyaha una beddelo kondeeyaha dibadda, waxaa jira cadaadis gaar ah oo ka duwan. Uumiga caadiga ah, hoos u dhaca cadaadiska (Δp) badanaa waa mid aad u sarreeya, mararka qaarkoodna heer aan la aqbali karin. Taas bedelkeeda, Mashiinka Distillation-ga Gaaban wuxuu leeyahay meel gaas weyn, cadaadiska kaas oo ku dhow inuu la mid yahay kan kondenser-ka; sidaas darteed, waxaa jira hoos u dhac yar oo cadaadis ah iyo heerka faakuumku wuxuu noqon karaa ≤1Pa.
• Heerkul hooseeya oo shaqeynaya:
Sababo la xiriira hantida kor ku xusan, habka uumi-baxa waxaa lagu qaban karaa heerka faakuumka sare. Maadaama heerka faakuumka uu kordho, barta karkarinta ee u dhiganta ee agabku si degdeg ah ayey hoos ugu dhacdaa. Sidaa darteed, qalliinka waxaa lagu qaban karaa heerkul hoose iyo kala-goynta kulaylka ee alaabta ayaa sidaas loo dhimay.
• Waqtiga kuleylka oo gaaban:
Sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedka gaarka ah ee Mashiinka Distillation-ga Gaaban ee Gaaban iyo ficilka bamka ee codsadaha filimka, wakhtiga degenaanshaha ee alaabta ku jirta uumiga waa mid gaaban; Intaa waxaa dheer, qalalaasaha degdega ah ee filimka ku jira uumiga kuleylka wuxuu ka dhigayaa badeecada mid aan awoodin inay ku sii jirto dusha sare ee uumiga. Sidaa darteed, waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay uumiga walxaha kulaylka leh.

• Xoogga uumiga oo sarreeya:
Hoos u dhigista barta karkarinta ee alaabtu waxay kordhisaa kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka warbaahinta kuleylka; Shaqada codsadaha filimku waxay hoos u dhigtaa dhumucda filimka dareeraha ah ee xaalad kacsan waxayna yaraynaysaa caabbinta kulaylka. Dhanka kale, geeddi-socodku wuxuu xakameynayaa qashinka iyo wasakheynta walxaha dusha sare ee kuleylka waxaana la socda kulaylka wanaagsan ee isweydaarsiga, sidaas darteed kordhinta isku-dhafka kulaylka guud ee wareejinta uumiga.

Dabacsanaan hawleed oo weyn:
Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay sifooyinka gaarka ah, uumiga filimka xoqida ayaa ku habboon daaweynta qalabka xasaasiga ah ee kuleylka kaas oo u baahan uumiga si siman oo joogto ah iyo qalab sare oo viscosity ah kuwaas oo viscosity-ku si aad ah u kordho korodhka feejignaanta, maaddaama habka uumigu uu yahay mid siman oo joogto ah.

Waxa kale oo ay ku habboon tahay uumi-baxa iyo kala-soocidda alaabta ay ku jiraan qaybo ama xaaladaha crystallization, polymerization iyo fouling.

III. Goobaha Codsiga
Uumiga filimka xoqida ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay mashaariicda kulaylka. Waxay ka caawisaa is-weydaarsiga kulaylka ee walxaha xasaasiga ah ee kulaylka (waqti gaaban) gaar ahaan, waxayna kala diri kartaa alaabooyin adag oo leh hawlaheeda kala duwan.
Uumiga filimka xoqida ayaa loo adeegsaday fiirsashada by uumiga, saarista dareeraha, uumiga-xarigga, falcelinta, degejinta, carfinta (de-aeration), iwm meelaha soo socda, oo uu ku gaadhay natiijooyin wanaagsan:

Daawo dhaqameed Shiineys ah iyo daawada reer galbeedka: antibiyootiga, khamriga sonkorta, godvine onkod, astragalus iyo geedo kale, methylimidazole, hal nitrile amine iyo kuwa kale oo dhexdhexaad ah;

Cuntooyinka warshadaha fudud: casiirka, maraqa, midabka, nuxurka, udgoonka, zymin, lactic acid, xylose, sonkorta istaarijka, potassium sorbate, iwm.

Saliida iyo kiimikooyinka maalinlaha ah: lecithin, VE, saliid beerka cod, oleic acid, glycerol, acids fatty, saliidda wasakhda qashinka, alkyl polyglycosides, alkohol ether sulfates, iwm.

Xabagta synthetic: resins polyamide, resins epoxy, paraformaldehyde, PPS (polypropylene sebacate esters), PBT, formic acid allyl esters, iwm.

Fiilooyinka synthetic: PTA, DMT, fiber carbon, polytetrahydrofuran, polyether polyols, iwm.

Batroolka: TDI, MDI, trimethyl hydroquinone, trimethylolpropane, sodium hydroxide, iwm.

Cayayaanka noolaha: acetochlor, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, furan phenol, clomazone, cayayaanka, herbicides, miticides, iwm.

Biyaha wasakhda ah: Biyaha wasakhda ah ee milixda aan organic.